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Juan Lockett de Loayza

1912–1987

Born
1912, Lima
Country of birth
Peru
Died
1987
facts
6
sources
1
images and files
0

Facts and their sources

Tap a fact to see where it comes from.

A life in time

  1. Born · Lima

    Birth, Lima

  2. Child born: Christopher Lockett de Baviera

    Birth, Lima

  3. Child born: Juan Lockett von Wittelsbach

    Birth, Lima

  4. Child born: Henry Lockett von Wittelsbach

    Birth, Rosswies

  5. Child born: Marie Lockett von Wittelsbach

    Birth, Rosswies

  6. Died

    Death

What was it like?

The world around Lima, 1912: who ruled, who else was alive, how people lived. This is general history, not a record about the family, and every item shows where it comes from.

Juan was born around the same time as Ronald Reagan, Mother Teresa, and Akira Kurosawa.

Born around the same time

  • Ronald Reagan

    1911 · president of the United States from 1981 to 1989 and actor (1911–2004)

  • Mother Teresa

    1910 · Albanian-Indian Catholic nun and missionary (1910–1997)

  • Akira Kurosawa

    1910 · Japanese filmmaker (1910–1998)

  • Giuseppe Meazza

    1910 · Italian association football player and manager (1910-1979)

  • Naguib Mahfouz

    1911 · Egyptian writer (1911–2006)

  • Édith Piaf

    1915 · French singer (1915–1963)

Fashion

Evolution of women's fashion in Lima

In the early 20th century, Lima women began moving away from restrictive corsets toward shorter, simpler garments that offered greater freedom of movement. By the 1920s, fashion evolved to include shorter skirts, and women began wearing makeup and smoking in public.

Men's sober style and status symbols

Men's everyday wear in early 20th-century Lima was typically sober and dark, often featuring jackets with shoulder pads and increasingly fitted trousers. Accessories such as walking sticks and tall hats served as common symbols of power and social status.

Music

Popularity of European brass bands

In the early twentieth century, European brass bands featuring instruments like clarinets, trombones, and tubas gained popularity for both secular and religious events in the Callejón de Huaylas. These bands typically consisted of an average of fourteen musicians.

Songbooks shared popular waltzes in Lima

In Lima, songbooks circulating among popular classes were a primary way to share anonymous waltzes and songs about daily life, social crises, and local events. These songs were essential for understanding the social identity of the city during the early twentieth century.

Getting around

Traveling on foot or by mule

For many ordinary Peruvians in the early 20th century, travel between towns was done on foot or by mule along dangerous, narrow trails that resembled colonial-era paths. Workers traveling from the highlands to coastal haciendas might spend four to six days on foot to cover distances that would take only eight to ten hours by train or car.

Around 1910–1910

Rail travel from Mollendo to Arequipa

A rail journey from the port of Mollendo to Arequipa in 1910 took six hours to cover 172 kilometers. A first-class ticket for this trip cost 6 soles.

Daily life

Crowded tenement life in Lima

Working-class families in Lima often lived in crowded, multi-family tenements called callejones, where up to 14 people might share just two small rooms. These dwellings often featured poor ventilation, dirt floors, and shared water faucets for over a hundred residents.

Limited schooling for working-class children

Primary education was historically neglected, but reforms under President José Pardo after 1904 aimed to provide free instruction and school materials. Many children from working-class families left school after only two years to work as shoe shiners, errand runners, or apprentices to contribute to household income.

Food

The popularity of sancochado stew

The sancochado was the most popular everyday dish in Lima, consumed daily by people across all social strata. It was a hearty, nutritious stew made with meat, vegetables like carrots and yuca, and chickpeas.

Around 1913–1924

Rising cost of basic food baskets

Before World War I, a family's basic food basket cost slightly more than one sol per day, but this cost doubled by the end of the war. Many workers struggled to afford this basic diet as their purchasing power declined during the late 1910s.

Prices and wages

Daily wages for agricultural laborers

A field laborer in the sugar industry earned 1.06 soles per day in 1907, with wages increasing to 1.83 soles by 1920 and remaining at 1.84 soles in 1924.

Around 1913–1920

Daily cost of food for a family

In 1913, a family of five needed 1.24 soles daily to cover minimum nutritional requirements, while by 1920 this cost had risen to 2.5 soles daily.

Work

Long hours and harsh factory conditions

Workdays in the early 20th century were extremely long, often reaching 14 to 16 hours before the 8-hour workday was legally established in 1919. Factories, such as textile mills, operated with intense conditions including constant machinery noise, dust, and cold humid air.

Wages and crowded living conditions

In 1928, a worker earned a daily wage of 3 soles, with over 60 percent spent on food and nearly 25 percent on housing. Living in a callejón often meant sharing a single-story room in a long alleyway, where residents frequently quarreled over shared water faucets.

News and letters

Long transit times for Amazonian mail

Mail dispatched from Iquitos to Lima via the central route took an average of 29 days, while the route via Yurimaguas required 45 days.

Steamers connected remote towns to global mail

In 1918, a letter from the remote town of Lagunas to New York traveled by steam launch to Iquitos before continuing down the Amazon to Brazil.

During their lifetime

  1. 1913

    Cost of living doubled during WWI

    The cost of living in Peru nearly doubled between 1913 and 1919 due to inflation caused by the disruptions of the First World War.

  2. 1920

    Road Conscription Law passed in 1920

    In 1920, the Road Conscription Law forced all men aged 18 to 60 to work for free for 6 to 12 days a year on road construction.

  3. 1921

    Marconi company managed communications starting 1921

    In 1921, the Peruvian government handed over the administration of postal, telegraph, and radiotelegraph services to the British Marconi company for 25 years.

  4. 1932

    Amazon malaria epidemic 1932-1934

    A severe malaria epidemic in the Amazon during 1932-1934 caused between 6,000 and 10,000 deaths out of a population of 25,000.

  5. 1943

    New highway cut travel time to Amazon

    A highway completed in 1943 reduced the travel time from Lima to Iquitos from 30-45 days to just five days.

  6. 1950

    Pan-American Highway Paved in 1950s

    The Pan-American Highway was completely paved by the 1950s, replacing coastal shipping and causing the decline of several traditional port cities.

Family

Parents

Spouses

Children

Ancestors and children

Open the full tree

Four generations back to the right, the children to the left. The number beside a child counts the generations of descendants known after them.