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Prince Maximilian of Saxony

1870–1951

Born
17 Nov 1870, Dresden
Country of birth
Kingdom of Saxony, today Germany
Died
12 Jan 1951, Fribourg
facts
7
sources
1
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Facts and their sources

Tap a fact to see where it comes from.

A life in time

  1. Born · Dresden

    Birth, Dresden

  2. Died · Fribourg

    Death, Fribourg

What was it like?

The world around Dresden, 1870: who ruled, who else was alive, how people lived. This is general history, not a record about the family, and every item shows where it comes from.

Prince was born the same year as Franz Lehár, Edwin Stanton Porter, and Nino Martoglio.

Born the same year

  • Franz Lehár

    Komárom-born Austrian music composer (1870–1948)

  • Edwin Stanton Porter

    American film pioneer (1870–1941)

  • Nino Martoglio

    Italian writer (1870-1921)

  • William G. Morgan

    inventor of volleyball

  • Ivan Bunin

    Russian writer and poet (1870–1953)

  • Maria Montessori

    Italian physician and educator (1870-1952)

Fashion

Children often lacked footwear in Pomerania

Poorer children often lacked proper footwear, sometimes going barefoot from early summer to late fall. On Sundays, they might wear worn-out boots bought from junk dealers for 1.2 to 1.5 marks.

Children's Footwear in Rural Areas

While better-off families could afford varied clothes, children of the impoverished often went barefoot over stone and stubble during the summer months.

Music

Music and dance at public festivals

Popular festivities like shooting festivals and local fairs were central to social life, while the educated classes attended balls, concerts, and theater performances.

Rise of male choirs and music festivals

The 19th century saw a massive surge in male choirs, known as Liedertafel, which moved from private social gatherings to public music festivals.

Getting around

Costly travel between Prussian villages

While railways connected major cities, travel between Prussian villages often required hiring traps, which could cost more for a short trip than a full railway journey between cities like Berlin and Dresden.

Costly travel in Prussian villages

In 1870, travelers between Prussian villages often relied on hired traps driven by resentful locals, who might charge more for a short ride between hamlets than a full five-hour railway journey from Berlin to Dresden.

Daily life
Around 1877–1877

Meager working-class housing and kitchen setup

A typical working-class household in the Taunus region relied on a single room for living and sleeping, while the kitchen was often just the hallway. Water was heated in cooking pots, as there were no separate wash-boilers or running water.

Compulsory schooling and kindergarten costs

Children were required to attend school from ages six to fourteen, often carrying books in long tin satchels. In model kindergartens, families could pay fees between sixpence and three shillings a month for care and meals.

Food

Alcohol as a Daily Staple

Schnapps, distilled cheaply from potatoes, became a daily staple for the poor alongside sugar-sweetened coffee. Beer was also consumed, and by the later part of the period, the invention of bottled beer with swing stoppers made it more accessible.

Potatoes and Bread as Staples

Working-class families relied heavily on potatoes and rye bread as their staple diet, often eating potatoes two or three times a day. Eggs and butter were considered expensive luxuries, with some workers rarely, if ever, having access to an egg.

Prices and wages
Around 1860–1860

Wages and shoes for farm servants

Farm servants received low cash wages, often supplemented by essential goods. A farm maid earned 18–24 Thalers annually and might receive a pair of shoes as part of her compensation.

Work

A monotonous and unappealing diet

While working as a brickyard finisher, one laborer reported that his daily meal consisted of nothing but peas, which caused him to feel queasy even years later.

Grueling 18-hour workdays on Prussian farms

In eastern Prussia, a standard summer workday for farm laborers often stretched from 3 a.m. to 9 p.m. or later, totaling 18 to 19 hours including short rest breaks.

News and letters

Pneumatic tube mail in Berlin

Starting in 1865, Berlin introduced a pneumatic tube system where metal canisters carrying messages were shot through underground pipes at 40 to 50 km/h, aiming for delivery within one hour.

Around 1875–1875

Same-day Express Delivery via Postcard in 1875

In 1875, it was possible to send a request by postcard in the morning and receive the goods via express delivery by the same afternoon.

During their lifetime

  1. 1871

    The German Empire is proclaimed

    The German Empire was proclaimed in 1871, uniting various states under Kaiser Wilhelm I.

  2. 1873

    Economic crash triggers long crisis

    The Panic of 1873 began with a stock market crash, triggering a period of economic hardship known as the Great Depression.

  3. 1880

    Switzerland becomes country of immigration in 1880

    Starting in 1880, Switzerland officially became a country of immigration, as more people began entering the country than leaving it.

  4. 1883

    First national health insurance introduced

    Germany became the first country to introduce a national social insurance system with the approval of a worker's health insurance plan.

  5. 1886

    Maggi instant soups launched in 1886

    In 1886, industrialist Julius Maggi began producing his ready-made soups to address the poor nutrition of factory workers during the Industrial Revolution.

  6. 1888

    First electric tram launched in 1888

    Switzerland introduced its first electric tram in 1888, connecting the towns of Vevey and Chillon in the western part of the country.

Family

Parents

Ancestors and children

Open the full tree

Four generations back to the right, the children to the left. The number beside a child counts the generations of descendants known after them.