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Ana Germana Bernaldo de Quirós

1866–1934

Born
19 Mar 1866, Palencia
Country of birth
Spain
Died
11 Sep 1934, Vitoria-Gasteiz
facts
9
sources
1
images and files
0

Facts and their sources

Tap a fact to see where it comes from.

A life in time

  1. Born · Palencia

    Birth, Palencia

  2. Child born: Luis de Borbón y Bernaldo de Quirós, Duque de Ansola

    Birth

  3. Child born: Manfredo de Borbón y Bernaldo de Quirós

    Birth, Algiers

  4. Died · Vitoria-Gasteiz

    Death, Vitoria-Gasteiz

What was it like?

The world around Palencia, 1866: who ruled, who else was alive, how people lived. This is general history, not a record about the family, and every item shows where it comes from.

Ana was born around the same time as Pompeu Fabra, Veloso Salgado, and Richard Strauss.

Known for

Titles held

  • Dama de la Reina
Born around the same time

  • Pompeu Fabra

    1868 · Catalan linguist (1868–1948)

  • Veloso Salgado

    1864 · Portuguese painter (1864-1945)

  • Richard Strauss

    1864 · German composer and orchestra director (1864–1949)

  • Marie Dressler

    1868 · Canadian-American actress (1868-1934)

  • Camille Claudel

    1864 · French sculptor (1864–1943)

  • Maxim Gorky

    1868 · Russian and Soviet writer (1868–1936)

Fashion

Limited wardrobes for humble women

A typical humble woman in mid-19th century Spain often possessed only two outfits: one for daily work and one reserved for Sundays and feast days.

Around 1875–1890

Dancing fashion and skirt lengths

Women's festive dancing attire often included long tails, though young unmarried women were expected to wear shorter, ground-length skirts.

Music

Dances performed at religious festivals

Dances such as the jota were performed at religious festivals to honor saints and request favors, blending Catholic rituals with local customs.

Popular festive dances and music

Popular dances like the fandango, jota, and polkas were enjoyed at festivals and public gatherings, often accompanied by instruments like the guitar or local brass bands.

Getting around

Sluggish rail journeys in Spain

Rail travel was often sluggish, with one passenger complaining that a 130-mile trip between Cordoba and Madrid took 12 hours.

Around 1862–1862

Train and stagecoach travel combinations

Rail travel drastically changed transit, though it remained slow; for example, the journey from Manzanares to Granada required an additional 30-hour stagecoach trip.

Daily life

Buying fish for 2 reales

In Santoña, residents could buy fresh fish directly from fishing nets pulled to the shore for as little as 2 reales, although the catch size varied significantly.

Teachers' salaries and housing

Schoolteachers in Santoña were provided with housing in addition to their annual salaries, which were 400 ducados for the male teacher and 200 ducados for the female teacher.

Food

Gender inequality at the dinner table

In rural Spanish households during the mid-19th century, men often sat at the table to eat while women served them standing, frequently eating separately in the kitchen later.

High spending on alcohol by families

In some industrial mining regions, families spent over 25 percent of their total food budget on alcohol, specifically wine and aguardiente.

Prices and wages
Around 1856–1856

Cost of board and lodging

At the time, immigrant workers in Barcelona typically paid 5 to 6 reals for board and lodging.

Around 1856–1856

Wages for domestic servants in Barcelona

In 1856, domestic servants in Barcelona earned an average daily wage of 4.5 reals, often supplemented by meals valued at 1.5 reals.

Work

Common Jobs in 19th Century Spain

Most people worked in agriculture, while domestic service was the primary paid job for women. Factory work, especially in textiles, became increasingly common in urban centers like Barcelona.

The Harsh Realities of Working Days

Industrial workers often endured 12 to 14-hour days, six days a week, and children as young as six or seven were commonly sent to work. In some industries, workers performed a second shift called a velada that lasted until 8:00 p.m.

During their lifetime

  1. 1898

    1898: Spain loses overseas colonies

    In 1898, the Spanish-American War resulted in the loss of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, deeply affecting the national psyche.

  2. 1900

    1900 Work Accident Law established employer responsibility

    The 1900 Work Accident Law made employers legally responsible for workplace accidents, marking a major shift in labor rights.

  3. 1918

    1918 flu epidemic ends urban death cycles

    The 1918 flu pandemic was the last major epidemic to severely impact urban life, after which cities began growing through natural increase.

  4. 1919

    1919 8-hour workday institutionalized after strike

    Following the 1919 La Canadiense strike, the government institutionalized the 8-hour workday, significantly altering labor conditions.

  5. 1919

    1919 Madrid Metro opens urban transit expansion

    The Madrid Metro opened in 1919, eventually transporting nearly 100 million passengers annually by 1929 and transforming urban mobility.

Family

Parents

Spouses

Children

Ancestors and children

Open the full tree

Four generations back to the right, the children to the left. The number beside a child counts the generations of descendants known after them.